Polite expressions
Lesson 2 of 7≈ 12 min
One word, four pieces
How do you say « I am loving you (right now) » in shikomori? In a single word: *Nisihuvendza*.
This kind of agglutination is the trademark of Bantu languages. Four grammatical bits (subject, tense, object, action) in a single morphological chain. Once the logic clicks, what looks dense becomes luminous.
Common expressions
| Phrase | Translation | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Marahaba | Thanks | Universal |
| Ya hali ! | That's expensive! | Market exclamation |
| De waja | Okay | Casual |
| Tsilemewa | I'm tired | Physical state |
| Nisihuvendza | I love you | See breakdown |
Listening
- Marahaba
- Ya hali !
- De waja
- Nisihuvendza
Decomposing Nisihuvendza
The verb « to love » in shimaoré is uvendza (root -vendz- + final vowel -a). The form Nisihuvendza breaks down as:
- ni- = subject verbal prefix (« I »)
- si- = present-progressive tense marker (« in the act of »)
- hu- = 2nd-person singular object infix (« you »)
- vendza = root + final vowel
Literally: I-am-in-the-act-of-loving-you.
What takes 5+ words in English fits into a single morphological chain in shikomori. This logic is detailed in lesson 4.5 (conjugation) and in Module 3.
Variations depending on the object
The -hu- segment is what's called a 2nd-person singular object infix (« you »). For other persons, swap the infix:
- Nisinivendza — I love myself (-ni- = me)
- Nisihuvendza — I love you (-hu- = you)
- Nisimuvendza — I love him/her (-mu- = him/her)
- Nisirivendza — I love us (-ri- = us)
The structure stays the same. Only the infix varies. That's agglutination in action.
Practice
In Nisihuvendza, the segment hu means…
hu = ___.
To say « I love him/her », replace hu with…
Nisi___vendza.
Mini-quiz
How many morphemes are there in Nisihuvendza?
There are ___ main morphemes.
On to demonstratives
Three degrees of demonstratives (in class 1: unu / uwo / ule) — near, intermediate, far. And a spelling rule: they always keep their semi-vowel (w or y).
